---
key: resource/mda-framework
type: resource
id: mda-framework
lang: en
title: 'MDA: Mechanics, Dynamics, Aesthetics'
summary: >-
  A short research paper connecting rules, system behavior and player
  experience. Use it as an analytical model and compare your conclusions with
  playtests.
updatedAt: null
status: active
url: 'https://gamemechanics.pro/en/resources/#resource-mda-framework'
jsonUrl: 'https://gamemechanics.pro/api/v1/knowledge/en/resource/mda-framework.json'
markdownUrl: 'https://gamemechanics.pro/content/knowledge/en/resource/mda-framework.md'
aliases: []
tags:
  - article
  - ''
  - design
sourceIds:
  - source-fba0b4a4c6cdb921
sources:
  - id: source-fba0b4a4c6cdb921
    title: 'MDA: Mechanics, Dynamics, Aesthetics'
    url: 'https://users.cs.northwestern.edu/~hunicke/MDA.pdf'
    verifiedAt: null
relations: []
placements: []
supersededBy: []
attributes:
  kind: article
  format: null
  language: en
  authors: 'Robin Hunicke, Marc LeBlanc, Robert Zubek'
endsAt: null
provenance: >-
  Original editorial recommendation. The external material retains its author’s
  rights.
license: CC-BY-4.0
codeLicense: MIT
attribution: gamemechanics.pro contributors
---
# MDA: Mechanics, Dynamics, Aesthetics

id: mda-framework
type: resource
key: resource/mda-framework
lang: en
status: active
url: https://gamemechanics.pro/en/resources/#resource-mda-framework

A short research paper connecting rules, system behavior and player experience. Use it as an analytical model and compare your conclusions with playtests.

## When to use it

A short research paper connecting rules, system behavior and player experience. Use it as an analytical model and compare your conclusions with playtests.

## Access

Free paper PDF.

## Connected materials


## Sources and provenance

Original editorial recommendation. The external material retains its author’s rights.

- [MDA: Mechanics, Dynamics, Aesthetics](https://users.cs.northwestern.edu/~hunicke/MDA.pdf) (id: source-fba0b4a4c6cdb921)

CC-BY-4.0 · gamemechanics.pro contributors